Public Inquiries in Leeds

Wednesday, 18 January 2017

Simon Newman

Transport Law

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The office of the Traffic Commissioner for the North East of England is located at Hillcrest House in the Harehills Area of Leeds. The address at Harehills House will be familiar with operators all over the country because this is also the location of the Central Licensing office which deals with operator licence applications throughout the whole of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

The current Traffic Commissioner for the North East of England is Kevin Rooney who has been in position since 2012. Mr Rooney is, as of the 1st November 2016 to take over as the Traffic Commissioner for the Western Traffic Area in Bristol. Until a replacement Commissioner is appointed Mr Rooney will administer both traffic areas.

All operators called to a goods vehicle public inquiry or a passenger vehicle public inquiry whose operating centres are within the North East Traffic Area are dealt with from Leeds. Most of the hearings take place in Leeds though sometimes the public inquiry hearing itself may take place at venues in other places. This is usually where there is particular local interest such as where members of the public have raised objections to an operators licence.

What's covered by the North East Traffic Area ?

The North East Traffic area covers a large part of the country. It covers ground from the East Midlands up to the Scottish borders and large swathes of the East coast. The following counties all come under the North East Traffic Area :

Northumberland; Durham; Tyneside and Wearside; Teeside; West Yorkshire; East Yorkshire; South Yorkshire; North Lincolnshire; North East Lincolnshire and Nottinghamshire.

This area covers many of the great towns and cities of the North of England including Newcastle, Middlesborough, Sunderland, Leeds, Bradford, Sheffield, Doncaster, Rotherham, Barnsley, Wakefield, Scunthorpe, Grimsby, Nottingham and Hull.

There are about 11,600 goods vehicle operator licences and 1,560 passenger vehicle (PSV) operator licences issued within the North East Traffic Area.

Public Inquiries in Leeds

Public Inquiries are held in Leeds in one of two court rooms which are located on the second floor at Hillcrest House.

Public Inquiry hearings will be heard by the Traffic Commissioner himself or a deputy Traffic Commissioner. You can read more about the public inquiry process on our page called About Public Inquiries.

According to the latest annual figures, there were at total of 75 passenger vehicle public inquiries and 150 goods vehicle public inquiries during 2014 / 2015. Of the passenger vehicle public inquires, 50 were for disciplinary action against the operators licence and 26 for new applications. 93 of the goods vehicle public inquiries were for disciplinary action and 63 for new applications.

Outcomes of Passenger Vehicle (PSV) Public Inquires in Leeds

Result of disciplinary public inquiries :

Out of 50 public inquiries for disciplinary action, 25 (50%) had their operators licence revoked. A further 3 (6%) had their licence suspended and 2 had their vehicle fleets reduced. 12 got away with only a written warning and only 6 (12%) resulted in no action being taken at all.

Result of applications heard at public inquiry :

There were 26 public inquiries dealing with new applications. Of these 7 (22%) were refused outright, 3 were partially granted and 16 were granted in full.

Outcomes of Goods Vehicle (HGV) Public Inquiries in Leeds

Result of disciplinary public inquiries :

Out of 93 public inquiries considering disciplinary action for compliance issues, 30 (almost a third) resulted in the operators licence being revoked / terminated. A further 11 resulted in suspension and 21 in a reduction of the number of vehicles authorised. This means that in two thirds of goods vehicle public inquiries dealt with at Leeds for non-compliance, resulted in the licence being terminated, suspended or cut back in size. Of the remaining third, nearly all had a formal warning. On 4 got through with no action being taken at all.

Result of applications heard at public inquiry :

63 applications were dealt with at public inquiries in Leeds for the year. 52 of these were granted. 5 were refused and 4 were partially granted.

What to do if you've been called to a public inquiry in Leeds

First of all, recognise that any public inquiry called for any reason is a very serious thing. Secondly recognise that getting legal advice and having an experienced transport law solicitor on your side is half the problem sorted. A good transport law specialist will be able to get stuck into your case and do all sorts of things to get you ready to face the Traffic Commissioner.

We strongly recommend that you speak to us urgently if you've had a call to public inquiry. Nearly all of our clients (well over 90%) have a successful outcome at their public inquiries.

We regularly handle public inquiries at Leeds and know exactly how to prepare a successful and present a successful case. We've been doing it for years and have helped hundreds of operators through this difficult time.

Call Simon Newman on 01302 775522. I will be glad to talk through your situation and review your papers free of charge to enable you to make an informed decision about whether to get us on board.

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It is easy to fall foul of technical aspects of operator licencing. Whether of goods vehicles or passenger service vehicles. One commonly seen relates to disc loaning or licence lending.

An operator is generally not permitted to allow other businesses to ‘use’ the O Licence. And to deliberately do so would likely lead to revocation of the licence, and possible disqualification (perhaps indefinitely) of the legal entity or person behind the licence from holding or even applying for a licence.

Some operators, while not acting with deliberate intent, inadvertently blur the lines of who is ‘using’ or operating the vehicles. One such case was an operator (a limited company) in the North-East traffic area that we represented at the Leeds OTC public inquiry (PI) room.

Our client successfully ran ( and continues to do so) a niche business with highly bespoke heavy goods vehicles. It used several legal entities, including limited companies, to conduct its well-established business. It’s not unfair to say the business model was unusual and complex. (Although the Traffic Commissioner (TC) is not a regulator of businesses, to the extent that matters touch on O Licencing, he/she has regulatory powers to exercise against operators. ) An additional factor was that it involved a restricted licence, meaning that the vehicles could only carry the goods of the entity with the licence.

Without going into all the detail, the operator was using vehicles in such a way that raised the question of whether other legal entities were using the licence, or otherwise unlawfully benefitting from it, and carrying the goods of another entity (Who is the ‘user’ of the vehicle and the true operator can be very complex, and is determined by multiple factors).

We gave our comprehensive legal opinion on all matters that would foreseeably be raised at the hearing. This included urgent advice on an immediate change to how the company was using its vehicles; the company’s maintenance and compliance documentation; and how a different approach would be needed, particularly in respect of brake testing, daily walkarounds and defect reporting/remedying. The company was keen to learn and was receptive to our advice. This involved a site visit, email correspondence, and video-conference/telephone meetings.

All requested maintenance documentation and a business model was submitted in advance to the OTC.

At the hearing the company was able to demonstrate that it was operating vehicles within the authorised parameters. It had learned much in the build-up to the PI and was willing to implement advice - even as late as the day of the PI. The TC conducted a balancing exercise. He concluded there had been a falling-short of O Licence standards in respect of vehicle use and maintenance, and that the company was late to take on professional advice. On the other hand, new systems were in place and dramatic improvements made. OLAT courses had either been booked or completed and the services of a transport consultant were engaged. The almost inevitable regulatory action in this case was limited to a short curtailment involving some vehicles, and undertakings added to the licence. The client considered this a significantly good result considering the consequences of losing the licence or other kinds of regulatory action – which potentially had been on the cards based on the TCs public inquiry brief.

Case Study - Operator Application, Pheonix Arrangement and Fronting 10 September 2024

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As with many applications or ‘regulatory’ public inquiries, the Traffic Commissioner (TC) has before her or him a set of papers prepared by their case worker. The fact a public inquiry has been convened means there are concerns. The papers alone cannot determine the TCs decision—one way or the other. It is imperative therefore that applicants or licence holders prepare their case thoroughly. If prepared properly, it will help assist the TC to make a favourable decision. If not, the TC may conclude that the case is as it appears on the papers – or even worse.

We recently represented a company that applied for an O Licence (the applicant). The matter was brought to public inquiry because of serious concerns that the new company was either a front for a company that had gone into administration, and/or a phoenix arrangement was taking place; transport manager (TM) considerations; and the application form had not been completed correctly—causing an appreciable misrepresentation of the facts (The simple filling out of the application form is the first opportunity the TC has to see anything about the applicant, including whether they are trustworthy!)

After taking instructions, we could see there was plenty of scope to prepare a strong case for the grant of the application. The applicant’s connection to a company that had gone into administration: any links were tenuous and superficial. There was no phoenix arrangement because there were no substantive connections between the two entities, or relevant individuals. The incorrectly filled-out application form was a genuine error (even though it appeared otherwise).

On the professional competence issue, we advised that a replacement TM was necessary. The originally nominated TM was, in our opinion, not suitable in this case. A TM may have the qualification, but depending on the facts, more is required, including experience, actual knowledge and other capabilities. Our client accepted our advice and contracted another TM, contingent on the grant of the licence.

Most, if not all, of the TCs case directions were fully adhered to. Documentary evidence and representations were submitted two weeks in advance.

Most of the work for the inquiry was completed beforehand. That just left the hearing. We advised on what the hearing would entail and how best to present first-person evidence. Hearings can be particularly stressful, especially if things are left last minute, or not addressed properly. In the end, this hearing was fairly straightforward and relatively short. The TC was satisfied that the evidence submitted adequately addressed concerns. Further evidence and submissions were presented at the hearing. Assurances were given, including a willingness to have conducted an independent audit. As at the date of the hearing, it was clear that the applicant had a good knowledge of O Licence compliance requirements and of their specific kind of haulage work. The application was granted with immediate effect with authorisation for several HGVs.

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We were instructed by a business primarily involved in farming and authorised to operate six large goods vehicles

The public inquiry was called before the Traffic Commissioner to consider the operator’s repute. Revocation, suspension, curtailment of the licence, and possible disqualification, were also under consideration (under sections 26(1)(b), 26(c)(iii), 26(e) and 26(f) and 35 of the Goods Vehicles (Licensing of Operators) Act 1995.

Background: the operator (like many operators) had not understood the consequences of changing its legal entity. In this case from a sole trader to limited company. And that, generally, in such circumstances, a licence must be applied for in the name of the new legal entity.

Over the period of some months, the operator had started to run some of the business through the limited company; some thought the sole tradership. Meanwhile, one of its HGVs was stopped by DVSA at a roadside encounter. The vehicle was unfortunately given an ‘S’ marked prohibition for significant failings in its braking system. After questioning the operator, the DVSA concluded that there had been an outright change of legal entity. There were also some other less-significant shortcomings, relating to finances, daily walkaround checks, and paperwork issues .

Together, these were serious failings to overcome at PI. Much would depend on how responsive to our advice the operator and transport manager would be.

We were instructed in good time, and promptly advised on all relevant matters. DVSA had concluded there had been a categoric legal entity change, but we were able to give our opinion on this somewhat nuanced area of law. We advised that this could easily lead to the revocation of the licence, but not necessarily. A robust response would be needed in all areas and any shortcomings remedied as soon as practicably possible.

After several meetings, our client and the TM were clear on what needed to be done before the PI. We also advised on what to expect at the PI itself, including what questions might be asked. The client was responsive and we managed to adhere to the OTC deadlines. During our instructions, other matters emerged—ones not raised in the TCs PI Brief papers. We advised on these also to pre-empt further potential questioning.

The hearing went as near-to-plan as could be expected. The operator and TM were well prepared for the hearing. They were able to fully satisfy the TC on most matters raised. The TC accepted our final submissions that there had never been any attempt to deceive or gain an unfair commercial advantage (there had been no such advantage ) and that any mistakes were inadvertent. We’d submitted supporting evidence in advance.

The simple decision was that the TC curtailed the margin on the licence for two weeks. This resulted in no material disadvantage to the operator. On a balance of probabilities, the TC was satisfied that the business would be compliant as the holder of a goods vehicle operator licence. The effect was that the operator was now in a position to continue using its O’licence without interruption, and run its well-established and successful farming business.

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Public Inquiries in Leeds

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Simon Newman

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